Ghandi Essay - 477 Words

In 1869, Mohandas K. Gandhi was born in northwest India. When he was a young Man, he traveled to England to receive his college education and law degree. Upon returning to India he set out to change how the West was colonizing and industrializing his country, and set life to a new sort of technique that would change India, and give a new perspective, and shed light on Indian culture, and civilization. His techniques revolved around passive and calm responses instead of wild and violent responses to the British. His term satygraha meant truth and firmness which was a method of passive resistance to provoke a response. This is how Gandhi received respect and honor from his followers, and the people of Indian civilizations. He†¦show more content†¦He believed that India should remain unscathed, he states that India that her people are so uncivilized, ignorant and impassive, that it is not possible to induce them to adopt any changes. He also states that civilization is that mode of conduct which points to man the path of duty. The Gujarati equivalent fo r civilization means good conduct. In some of the primary sources Gandhi compares the mind to a restless bird; the more it gets the more it wants, and still remains unsatisfied. Then he states that the more we indulge our passions the more unbridled they become. Gandhi talks about how his country has remained the same throughout the years, and has had no system of life-corroding competition. He talks about how the Indian people have had the same types of cottages in their former times, and how their education has remained the same throughout the years. Gandhi also states that It was not that we did not know how to invent machinery, but our forefathers knew that, if we set our hearts after such things, we would become slaves and lose our moral backbone. He believed that people should only do what they could with there hands and feet. He wanted people to live independently and to follow their agricultural livelihood, in a true home rule. This is what Gandhi considered to be a real civ ilization. In more recent times a situation that can compare to that ofShow MoreRelatedFilm Analysis : Ghandi1696 Words   |  7 PagesThe first image, image I, is a depiction of a scene during a short clip from the movie, â€Å"Ghandi.† This particular scene represents the phenomenon that Europeans had developed a sense of racism that overtook cultural chauvinism. The colonial people experienced a new European conventional wisdom which entailed the idea that cultural characteristics were determined by someone’s race, or biology, and not by their education, history, or the environment. They were seen as unequal by their white leadersRead MoreSummary of Ghandi the Movie6362 Words   |  26 Pagesis the strength of civil resistance. Gandhis wife, said this of Gandhis beliefs in an introduction to one of Gandhis speeches. There have been two kinds of slavery in India, one for the women, and one for the untouchables. Movie Essay: Ghandi | Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violence stems from the pacifist views. According to the text, Exploring Religious Meaning, pacifism is one of three distinct positions taken by Christians on war and violence. It consists of absolutely no violence orRead More Mohandas Ghandi Essay476 Words   |  2 Pages Mohandas Ghandi was the source of many changes throughout, India, Britain, and the world. With all that Ghandi has done in our world it becomes overwhelming when I think about his life. What Ghandi did in terms of opening the minds of the people of India is almost analogous to what Christ did to open the minds of the people around him. With all that can be said about Ghandi, I would like to focus upon his economic impact in Britain and India. Britainamp;#8217;s self-glorifying empire buildingRead MoreMlk vs Ghandi629 Words   |  3 PagesBello Louissaint ENC 1101-20013 Professor Kristen Holt February 26, 2014 The Battle of Two Civil Legends When you hear the names Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr., You think of the men of colored that paved the way for their respective races and nation. Gandhi with his homeland of India from British rule and MLK with the nation of America. Many figures have compared to two but no one has ever attempted to pit these two legends against each other and not in the form of a rap battleRead MoreEssay about Mohandas Ghandi1394 Words   |  6 PagesMohandas Ghandi Satyagraha. Meaning force or firmness of truth, Mohandas Gandhi worked and lived by this word. By peaceful, non-violent demonstrations he little by little took hold of the people of Indias love and honor and freed them from British rule. This is his story: On October 2, 1869 in Porbandar, India, a region of Queen Victoria, Mohandas Gandhi was born to Kaba Gandhi and his wife. Although his father, Kaba, was the chief Minister for the Maharaja of Porbandar, he and his familyRead MoreReaction to the Film Ghandi Essay1433 Words   |  6 PagesReaction to the Film Ghandi The way of truth and love has always won. Tyrants may seem invincible, but in the end they always fall. Mahatma Ghandi The film Ghandi proved to be insightful, educational, and inspirational. The film traces Indias rocky path towards decolonization, led by the Great Spirit Ghandi. Mahatma Ghandi led Indias struggle for independence from the British Empire before 1948. The trials and tribulations of India and her people touch on many social issues. The film depictsRead MoreGhandi: An Exemplary Leader Essay931 Words   |  4 Pages Ghandi was a man with no official title who led his country to freedom because he stood up for his core beliefs. He saw value in those who needed his help, and was beloved by his followers. Great dignitaries paid homage to Ghandi after his death for the honor he brought to his country. How would you describe Gandhi’s leadership style? Provide specific examples. Ghandi proved himself to be an exceptional leader. The first leadership style theory that relates to Ghandi is the born again leaderRead MoreMahatma Ghandi, An Indian Philosopher1424 Words   |  6 Pagesglobalization. Mahatma Ghandi, an Indian philosopher, states, â€Å"I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.† Acculturation is looked upon favourably by the speaker; he attempts to communicate how cultural exchange is a wonderful opportunity, where isolation is harmful and disadvantageous. However, Mahatma Ghandi also communicates thatRead MoreEssay on The Life Of Mahatma Ghandi3308 Words   |  14 Pages Mahatma Gandhi Introduction Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, the preeminent leader of Indian nationalism and the prophet of nonviolence in the 20th century, was born, the youngest child of his fathers fourth wife, on Oct. 2, 1869, at Porbandar, the capital of a small principality in Gujarat in western India under British suzerainty. His father, Karamchand Gandhi, who was the dewan (chief minister) of Porbandar, did not have much in the way of a formal education but was an able administrator who knewRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther King Jr. And Ghandi Essay910 Words   |  4 PagesCesar Chavez was a great leader that left a legacy in the United States, just like Martin Luther King Jr. and Ghandi. These great leaders preached for equality and fairness. They were elegant, civilized and thoughtful about their approach against oppression. Cesar Chavez recognized and praised his predecessors. He studied and learned from them and their techniques. He used many of the approaches that MLK and Gandhi used to become success ful. Non- violence was crucial to Cesar, among many other principles

The Tanks Of World War II - 1266 Words

Patrick Easler Professor Pfister Hist 4344 3 December 2014 The Tanks of World War II World War II was the first war to heavily employ tanks. The tanks ranged in variety for each of the individual nations. It has been said that the German Panzer tank was top dog on the battle field during the war but especially at the beginning of the war. This statement although true is not because the common belief that they were built better than other nation’s tanks but because German strategy and the preparedness of the tanks themselves and the crews operating them was vastly better than competing nations such as France and the Soviet Union. The first tank was initially invented in World War 1 by Britain. Tanks in the First World War represented a brilliant idea but a poor execution. The tanks of that war moved at about a walking speed and constantly needed repairs because of how undependable they were. After the war however the Tanks offensive potential was recognized and each nation began research into a better tank to avoid the deadlock imposed on the last war due to modernized weapons and old time tatctics. Luckily tanks are in fact vehicles and were often made by similar plants as cars were, this meant ss the automotive industry advanced with new engines, new transitions, new ways of breaking so did the Tanks by association. It was not however until the start of the second war that the design of tanks truly advanced in improvements, weaponry, and armor. But as these innovationsShow MoreRelatedEssay on Weapons of World War 21395 Words   |  6 Pagesof World War II The result of World War II was affected by many different factors. One major factor which affected the war was the weapons and artillery used during the war. Since the beginnings of time, weapons have always been around. From swords and knives to nuclear weapons and missiles, weapons have evolved greatly throughout the years. The weapons and artillery used in World War II basically were evolved types of weaponry that were used during World War I (Military History 1). World War IIRead MoreA Brief Note On The World War II1317 Words   |  6 PagesMachinery, and Submarines of WWII World War II was one of the biggest epidemics in the history of humanity. From Hitler to Franklin D. Roosevelt there were problems world wide.(submarine) These problems eventually led up to the outbreak of war, this war wasn’t any ordinary war either. It was brutal to say the least, with over twenty million deaths worldwide it nearly killed off one percent of the world population (Sheehan) You would think that most people died in war but that is not the case. OverRead MoreWeapons of World War 2 Essay1416 Words   |  6 Pagesand Artillery of World War II The result of World War II was affected by many different factors. One major factor which affected the war was the weapons and artillery used during the war. Since the beginnings of time, weapons have always been around. From swords and knives to nuclear weapons and missiles, weapons have evolved greatly throughout the years. The weapons and artillery used in World War II basically were evolved types of weaponry that were used during World War I (Military HistoryRead MoreThe Bombing Of Japan During The World War II1572 Words   |  7 Pages World War II was a war that lasted about 6 years. Within these six years, many new advances took place. In order for countries to be able to have a chance, they would need to keep up with the new, and developing technology. Air technology was still fairly new before the war, but grew rapidly as the war progressed. On the same note, new water vessels were being invented, which allowed to war to grow into the seas. Submarines, U Boats, and other vessels allowed for this shift to occur. Tanks wereRead MoreWorld War Ii Weapon Advances Essay example1399 Words   |  6 PagesThe Advances of Weaponry During World War II In every war fought throughout the history of mankind, the dependence on weapons was highly sought after. From swords to guns, weaponry has progressed throughout the ages with each war fought. No other war has seen more advances in weaponry than World War II. Many of those advances made this war focused on artillery, land vehicles, naval ships and aircraft. These advances, although beneficial, have also led to more bloodshed on the battlefield becauseRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Tanks881 Words   |  4 PagesTanks, tanks have always interested me. Ever since I was little Ive always had a thing for militaria be it planes or tanks. World War II was the start of true tank combat and new designs of tanks and every other type of military vehicle and weapon.Most people when they think of World War II and tanks, lots of them look at the Sherman in the Tiger who would always be matched up against each other on the Eastern Front. No, I wont be talking about those tanks though, a lbeit they are the most comparableRead MoreEssay on A New Frontier for Engineering: The Mark I Tank1183 Words   |  5 PagesWells’ vivid details when writing, in 1915 British engineers were able to draw a plausible, working design for a contraption that would later be called the Mark I Tank. The introduction of the tank would startal the world and open up a new frontier for engineering. (I need help with a thesis!) On August of 1916, the first British Mark I tanks were commissioned into use at the Battle of Flers-Courcelette, part of the Somme Offensive. None of them saw any action until September 15th of the same year thoughRead MoreTechnology Changed The Dynamics Of War During World War I1587 Words   |  7 PagesAdvances in technology changed the dynamics of war during World War I. WWI was the first extensive war in which all nations felt the effects of war whether through a social, political, or economic impact. through One of the major impacts of trench warfare was that it made it difficult for the Allied and Central Powers to secure a victory. New technology such as the machine gun brought massive death and casualties. Armies in all nations started to need a larger population of soldiers to fight becauseRead MoreWar Is A State Of Conflict1287 Words   |  6 PagesResearch paper War is a state of conflict or struggle between two opposing countries who will fight until a particular end result. Humanity has seen hundreds of wars large and small. The most important thing in war, and the thing they all have in common, is weapons. For example, the Civil War was fought to determine the survival of the Union or independence for the Confederacy. The sword and sabers were a large part of this war. World War II started when Germany invaded Poland, and Britain andRead MoreThe World War I Started934 Words   |  4 PagesWorld War I began in 1914 and ended 5 years later in 1919. World War II began decades later in 1939 and ended 6 years later in 1945. World War I began when nationalism rose. When nationalism was on the rise they thought it would increase loyalty in the country. Instead of loyalty, people began to want more power. Archduke Ferdinand was the leader of Hungary. He was assassinated by a Serbian terrorist and this later lead to World War I. World War II began because they fought to defeat complete control

Free Sample-Enterprise Resource Planning Implementation Oilco

Question: Discuss about the Enterprise Resource Planning Implementation Oilco. Answer: A business exists to earn profits and reduce costs. Technology is rewriting the way of human living, and this affects businesses also. Computers, software, databases are common and have been integrated into operations of businesses. However, the older implementations are silo-based i.e. the systems supported only their individual business functional areas (Monk and Wagner, 2012). The silo-based systems hurt competitiveness by introducing barriers to fast, automated and error-free information exchange among departments, with suppliers and with customers. But, the business processes need to be organized in such a way that they provide a faster and higher return on investment (ROI) on the finite resources (Ganesh et al., 2014). An ERP eliminates the isolated silos of the various branches of the organisation and integrates the operations company-wide based on a shared database, with the added benefit of current data and processes throughout the business (Monk and Wagner, 2012). ERP is considered one of the biggest revolutions in running a business, and as mentioned above moved the functioning from the level of a department to the enterprise (Ray, 2011). However, an ERP implementation is a very challenging task (Momoh, Roy and Shehab, 2010), with less than 10% of projects completing within budgeted time and expense, and matching the functionality proposed (Momoh, Roy and Shehab, 2010). This paper reviews two case studies - OilCo and ExploreCo (Motiwalla, 2008) and looks into issues in implementation of these ERP Projects, reasons for success, lessons to be learnt, any recommendations for improvements. Issues in Implementation of ERP Projects An ERP implementation seeks to rewrite the operations of the entire enterprise at every level. Such a change is always a risky proposition. Challenges, in general, can come at technical, business processes or staff level. A literature review of the field of ERP suggests that some characteristics are common in most of the implementation attempts that have a significant bearing on the success or failure of the endeavour. The top issues are support and commitment from the top management, evaluation and administration of the project, re-engineering the business process to align with the information technology, minimum customizations, and competence of the ERP team. Both the case studies of this paper were a success, but they faced their share of concerns as per the decisions made before starting the project and later on due to the leadership and any industry-specific requirements. OilCo went significantly over time and over budget in its implementation of ERP system (Motiwalla, 2008). OilCo handed over the duties and tasks for the mission to staff which was already on duty for other tasks. Additionally, OilCo had to develop an oil industry-specific module, for which endless report generation delayed actual progress (Motiwalla, 2008). OilCo took the ERP implementation as an opportunity to restructure its business and experts believe that this could also be an issue which made OilCo's project runaway. Similarities and Differences in the Implementation of OilCo and ExploreCo Both the case studies of this paper (eventually) achieved their goals. However, one of them was over-budget and delayed by years while other was delayed by two weeks only. An analysis of the similarities and differences of the implementation of ERP in both may be helpful in understanding the possible reasons for the staying near the projected timeline or missing it by years. Both projects identified same Critical Success Factors (CSFs). These CSFs were management support, a project champion, a balanced team, a commitment to change, implementing a Vanilla ERP (which has more chances of successful implementation), empowered decision makers, having the best people available full-time, well-defined scope and goals, and deliverable dates. Also, both had plans for minimum customisation, which is almost always a predicate to a successful implementation. OilCo decided to work out a new and streamlined operations process for the entire enterprise for the implementation of the ERP, while ExploreCo stood by this decision. ExploreCo also identified performance indicators. Though the CSFs were identical, the method of achieving them was poles apart. OilCo did not have a clear policy, or an official project champion, or a show and reality of top-management commitment by having a board-level member in the implementation, or full-time and balanced team. However, ExploreCo had all of these. Reasons For Success Both the case studies succeeded in achieving their goals. However, OilCo violated the budget and time predictions by a much higher margin than ExploreCo. While OilCo got delayed by years, ExploreCo got delayed by weeks, tough this could partly be justified on the relative sizes of the original projects. Some authors consider OilCo's implementation to be a failure, though the company began reaping the benefits of the new system from the fourth year of application onwards (Yick, 2011). Both the projects identified CSFs which are in line with the literature findings and have been elsewhere in this report. These top issues are support and commitment from the top management, evaluation and administration of the project, re-engineering the business process to align with the information technology, minimum customizations, competence of the ERP team. Thus, this helped them move in the right direction. Also, both projects did not seem to have any shortage of funds or people to meet the goals. Targets were well-defined, and skill-sets were available for the companies to throw at the problems. Lessons To Be Learnt The case studies provide lessons to be learnt in ERP implementation, confirms the literature as to the precursors to a successful implementation, showcases the importance of people, and the benefits of sticking to the schedule. In detail, the outstanding success of ExploreCo validates the importance of a board-level member in the team. This leadership by a top-management member makes the power of the group visible and official in that the decisions can be decided and enacted by the team without having to move up and down the hierarchy of the company. Also, having the employees on team full-time is a strong contributor to the success of the ERP implementations, and probably any large-scale initiative. Some companies may want to save on expenses and load their staff with additional duties without decreasing the current workload and without increasing their compensation. The businesses can do that, but the extraordinary success of ExploreCo ERP confirms otherwise. Having employees work on one project full-time allows them to focus and also prevent any feelings of discontent. The customizations were minimum in both case studies but followed in only one. The company which stuck to its guns and did not add to the original plan was successful in implementation. To be fair, OilCo had to develop an industry-specific module and this decision could not have been cancelled. Also, a plain vanilla ERP has more chances of success rather than some convoluted functionality as ERP is already a very complex initiative. Recommendations For Improvements Comparing the two case studies and reviewing the literature available on ERP provides some takeaways for a better implementation. Successful projects have common themes, and these align with the CSFs identified throughout this paper and in the literature (Dezdar and Sulaiman, 2009), (Momoh, Roy and Shehab, 2010). Management support is crucial. This support is required not only in words but real authority. Successful ERP implementations have a genuinely motivated person at the helm of affairs. No doubt such a person is called the project champion and in the successful ERP implementation of ExploreCo was given this title. Unlike the OilCo implementation of the ERP (which was over budget and late by four years) there should not be a de-facto project champion, but an explicit and powerful (with official authority) project champion. Successful projects have balanced teams and individuals who can focus full-time on the ERP implementation. Additionally, the team members of successful ERP pr ojects are competent and know their roles with a sufficient amount of on-the-job experience. Implementing an ERP is an opportune time to renew and re-invent the business processes to align with the information technology techniques and practices to remove the manual processes with the faster, automated and error-free processes. Customizations are minimum in a successful implementation as ERPs by definition shake the routine of the business from the core and change is always difficult. A minimum customised ERP (vanilla ERP) stands more chances of not exceeding the budget or time and meeting the stated requirements. Conclusion This paper analysed the case study of ERP implementation of two companies in Australia. One of the projects took years longer than originally planned and was way over budget, while the other, though smaller in scope and size, was only two weeks over budget. This selection of the ERP implementation projects allows for comparing and contrasting the two to learn about how and why two ERP implementations in the same industry and the same country could have such differing management and professional lessons. To be sure, both implementations are considered successful from a business point of view (increase profits and decrease costs). OilCo, whose project was delayed by years took four long years before reporting having starting to reap the benefits of the implemented ERP system. The fundamental differences in the two case studies were in the human factors rather than the technical factors. To be fair, OilCo had to develop an industry-specific module, and this cost it more time and was not included in the original estimations. This paper also looked into issues facing ERP implementations, did a brief literature review throughout this report, identified lessons to be learnt, and made recommendations for improvements. References Dezdar, S. and Sulaiman, A. (2009). Successful enterprise resource planning implementation: taxonomy of critical factors. Industrial Management Data Systems, [online] 109(8), pp.1037-1052. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Shahin_Dezdar2/publication/220671948_Successful_enterprise_resource_planning_implementation_Taxonomy_of_critical_factors/links/5636011208ae88cf81bcd7cc.pdf [Accessed 12 Jan. 2017]. Ganesh, K., Mohapatra, S., Anbuudayasankar, S. and Sivakumar, P. (2014). Enterprise Resource Planning. 1st ed. Cham: Springer International Publishing. Momoh, A., Roy, R. and Shehab, E. (2010). Challenges in enterprise resource planning implementation: state?of?the?art. Business Process Management Journal, [online] 16(4), pp.537-565. Available at: https://www.academia.edu/download/35547641/Challenges_in_enterpreise..._-_artigo_-_2010.pdf [Accessed 12 Jan. 2017]. Monk, E. and Wagner, B. (2012). Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning. 4th ed. Cengage Learning. Motiwalla, L. (2008). Enterprise Systems for Management. 1st ed. Pearson Education India, pp.128-131. Ray, R. (2011). Enterprise resource planning. 1st ed. New Delhi (India): Mcgraw-Hill Pub., p.4. Yick, J. (2011). Implementing Vanilla ERP Systems: Factors to Consider in Strategy, Business Alignment, and Customization. 1st ed. [ebook] University of Oregon (Applied Information Management Program). Available at: https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1794/11401/Yick-2011.pdf?sequence=1isAllowed=y [Accessed 12 Jan. 2017].

Prejudice in The Crucible free essay sample

This paper describes the different types of discrimination in Arthur Millers play. This paper discussed the different types of prejudice and discrimination found in Arthur Millers The Crucible: . Race, gender, age, religion and class are some of the characteristics that the author finds as targets of discrimination. An example of prejudice used in The Crucible is ageism. The assembly of girls, Betty Parris, Abigail Williams, Marry Warren, and Ruth Putnam, who initiated the chain of events resulting in the trial, were victims of this prejudice. Because of their youth, their first alibi of innocent dancing was accepted, showing that this case of prejudice worked to their advantage. After caught dancing by her uncle Reverend Parris, Abigail stated, ?Uncle, we did dance; let you tell them I confessed it and Ill be whipped if I must be. But theyre speakin of witchcraft.?(p. 9) Rebecca Nurse was also a sufferer of ageism. We will write a custom essay sample on Prejudice in The Crucible or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Many believed the accusation that she was a witch partly because she is older and seemed less credible. Rebecca served as a midwife for families in the town and was convicted of murder of the Putnam babies.

Respiratory System essays

Respiratory System essays The bodys survival depends entirely on eleven systems. Right now lets discuss the respiratory system. This system is entirely important for survival of all tissues because without the respiratory system tissues will die and we all would be dead. Our body depends on the external environment, it is both as a source for survival and as a basin for its wastes. Our cells depend on oxygen to carry out its functions and the cells give off carbon dioxide, a waste product. Respiration involves four processes: pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, transport of respiratory gases, and internal respiration. The pathway is entirely complex but I wont be going into depth. The pathway starts from the nose and ends at the alveolus. The respiratory is also coupled with the circulatory system because without it oxygen and carbon dioxide, the bodys cells will begin to die from oxygen starvation. Starting from the nose the air will run till it ends at the alveolus, a small sac where oxygen and carbon dioxide is exchanged. The functions of the respiratory system are: pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, transport of respiratory gases, and internal respiration. The pulmonary system is the movement of air into and out of the lungs so that the gases are continuously exchanged commonly called breathing. Second, the external respiration is the movement of oxygen from the lungs to the blood and of carbon dioxide from the blood to the lungs. Third, transport of respiratory gases is the transport of oxygen from the lungs to the tissue cells of the body, and carbon dioxide from the tissue cells to the lungs. This uses the cardiovascular. Last, the internal respiration is the movement of oxygen from blood to the tissue cells and of carbon dioxide from tissue cells to blood. Breathing provides our head to be lightweight not heavy. The air enters hitting the nose and nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, ...

How Jurors Are Chosen in the U.S. Court System

How Jurors Are Chosen in the U.S. Court System If youre trying to get out of jury duty at the federal or state levels, your best chance of doing so is by never registering to vote or canceling your current voter registration. As important as the right to vote is, many Americans opt out of voting to avoid being called for jury duty. However, keeping your name off the voter rolls does not guarantee you wont be randomly chosen for jury duty. Thats because many  state federal  court  districts also pull prospective jurors from lists of licensed drivers and tax records to  supplement their stable of potential juror from  voter lists.  So that means you could be called for federal jury duty in some federal court districts if youve got a drivers license. Nonetheless, voter rolls remain the primary source of prospective jurors. And as long as they remain so, your best chance of avoiding jury duty at the state or federal is to stay off the list of voters in your county and federal court district. Or to get a job as a professional police officer or firefighter, or even run for elected office in your town or state. Simply complaining about having to work wont cut it. How Prospective Jurors Are Chosen in Federal Court Potential jurors are chosen for federal court from a jury pool generated by random selection of citizens names from lists of registered voters, the federal court system explains. It also may use lists of registered drivers. Each judicial district must have a formal written plan for the selection of jurors, which provides for random selection from a fair cross-section of the community in the district, and which prohibits discrimination in the selection process. Voter records - either voter registration lists or lists of actual voters - are the required source of names for federal court juries, according to the federal court system.   So if youre not registered to vote, youre safe from jury duty, right? Wrong. Why You Still Might Be Picked For Jury Duty Canceling your voter registration card of never registering to vote at all doesnt mean youre exempt from jury duty everywhere, and heres why: Many courts supplement voter lists with other sources  including  lists of licensed drivers.   According to the Federal Judicial Center: Congress requires that each district court develop a plan for selecting jurors. Generally, the selection process begins when the clerk of court randomly draws names from the list of registered voters in the judicial district, and sometimes from other sources, such as the list of licensed drivers. Only in Ohio and Wyoming do state courts use only the list of registered voters to build jury pools, not drivers lists or tax rolls. That means you can avoid jury duty in county and state court by simply staying out of the voting booth. Everywhere else? Youre likely to end up in a jury pool at some point in your life if you drive a car or pay taxes. Is That Really Fair? There are lots of people who believe drawing prospective jurors from voter-registration lists is wrong because is discourages people from entering the political process. Some academics argue that the connection between voter registration and jury duty represents an unconstitutional poll tax. As of 2012, 42 states used voter registration as the principle means of choosing prospective voters, according to a research paper by Alexander Preller of Columbia University. Jury duty is a burden, but not one which a concerned citizenry should gladly bear. However, jury services should not be allowed to parasitically burden other civil rights, Preller wrote. The economic burdens of jury duty do not pose  constitutional problems so long as they remain separate from voting; the problem is the link itself. Such an argument claims the current mechanism for choosing jurors forces many Americans to abandon their most precious civil right to carry out a civic obligation.  But other experts believe the wider and more racially and economically diverse the jury pool, the fairer the justice system is. The whole point is for the master jury list to be as inclusive as possible, Greg Hurley, a lawyer and senior analyst with the National Center for State Courts, told the Cincinnati Enquirer newspaper. Whos Exempt From Jury Duty There are some people who will never have to report for federal jury duty, regardless of whether they are registered to vote or not. The federal Jury Act, which requires the random selection of citizens names from voters lists, states that members of the military serving in active duty, police officers, professional and volunteer firefighters and public officers such as elected officials at the local, state and federal levels do not have to report for jury duty. Some courts also exempt the elderly and people who have served on a jury in the previous two years. If youve got another reason you think jury duty represents an undue hardship or extreme inconvenience, the courts might consider granted you a temporary deferral, but these are determined on a case-by-case basis. The other people who dont have to serve on a jury are: Non-citizens who have lived in their judicial district less than a year.People who cannot speak English or read, write or understand English with a degree of proficiency necessary to fill out a qualification form.The mentally ill or physically infirm.People charged with a felony crime that is punishable by more than a year in prison.Those who have been convicted of a felony and have not been granted a pardon, which restores their civil rights.Minors.

Infant Observation Research Paper (The Infant Care Environment,

Infant Observation (The Infant Care Environment, Developmental Milestones) - Research Paper Example Under the song/rhyme activity (words to rhymes or songs), children are exposed to the cat and the own, Little Bunny Fu, Fu; Look at the Doggie at the window; Three birds and one fish, two fish, three and four fish. Under the language development activity, children learn pat the cat, the bunny hops, the doggy barking, this is the way the bird flies, and the fish swim. The activity on exercise/stimulation features tummy time boost, push the feet, roll over, jingle feet, and the gentle stretch. For the activity today’s music, children are taken through lullabies, soft rock music, easy listening music, classical music, and country music. During the massage time, children are massaged on the forehead, on the forehead and cheek, the eyebrows, the shoulders and the chin and ears. During playtime, children are taken through the cat is up and down, bunny hoping, doggie to the right and left, bird say tweet, tweet and the gold fish. For fun activities, children are taken through copy me , I love to dance, shake the rattle, and flashlight fun (Forman & Hall, 2005). Children of ages: 9 to 15 months: program range This program offers the infants with a fun-filled learning experience. The program offers heuristic play items, blended in preschool themes and inspired by a touch of Montessori. The lessons are grouped into weekly packages, all including group time exercises, sign language lessons (five taught in a month), language development exercises, words to rhymes and songs; and fun-filled learning exercises. 3. The room’s painting is based on a simple color scheme. Furniture are arranged in a manner that large, open spaces are available for activity sessions and smaller, containing spaces are available, which are best for social interactions and group work. On the floor were 4 by 4 feet rugs, which are used as leaning areas for the infants. Spaces are left for large block plays, book areas, and stacking and nesting play toys. Child-safe mirrors are useful to children and they also improve the supervision of the two caregivers (Moreno & Klute, 2011). Different rugs and large pillows, which offer protection when children fall, were also available. The larger pillows are placed at the spaces for older infants, as they can interfere with the sitting and crawling of younger infants. The shelves are low, as they are used as the display area for different toys. The toys are changed after every two days, to ensure that children remain interested and learning. The children’s baby-beds are personalized by the teacher, adding mobiles above different cribs. Others had homey touches, and a family photo, to bring familiarity to the spaces. The furniture at the infant center are low

Corporate Finance System of Vodafone Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Corporate Finance System of Vodafone - Essay Example Figure 10 Dividend payment of Vodafone as a percentage of net profit/loss (Source: Money.CNN.com) Figure 11 Dividend payment of AT&T as a percentage of net profit/loss (Source: Money.CNN.com) Figure 12 Dividend payment of Verizon & BT as a percentage of net profit/loss (Source: Money.CNN.com) Figure 13 Total Current Assets of Vodafone (Source: CNN Money) Figure 14 Total Current Liabilities of Vodafone (Source: CNN Money) Figure 15 Current Ratio of Vodafone Figure 16 Cash Ratio of Vodafone Figure 17 Total Assets and Total Liabilities of Vodafone (Source: CNN Money) Figure 18 Vodafone's withdrawal from committed facilities in 2004, 2005 and 2006 (Source: Vodafone Annual Report 2008. pp57) 1.0 Executive Summary This report is a comprehensive analysis of the corporate finance system of Vodafone. The analytics presented here is based on the published information by Vodafone on their corporate website and independent market information about the organisation from global financial analysis organisations. Overall, Vodafone is a large group with multiple legal entities. However, the CEOs of all the legal entities report to the group Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) manages consolidated finance for the group. The analysis presented herewith is pertaining to the consolidated finance of entire group and not of their individual legal entities. The entire analysis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter deals with the background information about the company whereby their corporate objectives, details about finance division, sources of finance, shareholder analysis, and corporate governance have been presented in brief. In the second chapter, the systematic and unsystematic risks associated with Vodafone and... The first chapter deals with the background information about the company whereby their corporate objectives, details about finance division, sources of finance, shareholder analysis, and corporate governance have been presented in brief. In the second chapter, the systematic and unsystematic risks associated with Vodafone and the global telecommunications industry as whole. The risk reports have been taken from Ernst and Young's assessment of global telecommunications industry risks, Deloitte's report on Vodafone's risks (published on the website of Vodafone) and the 2008 annual report of Vodafone. In the third chapter, the Capital Structure of Vodafone and have compared the same with old theories that have been accepted by accounting community largely. The Debt to Equity ratio of Vodafone is compared with similar companies in the telecommunications industry and the results are analyzed. The last part of this chapter deals with application of dividend payment theories in these companies. In the fourth chapter, the empirical theories of Working Capital management of firms and the usage of Money Markets has been presented with the help of literature review. Thereafter, the working capital management of Vodafone and their usage of money market instruments have been analyzed.

Global warming effects Essay Example for Free

Global warming effects Essay Yankee Candle Company began in 1969, as penniless Mike Kittredge, age 16, melted crayons to form a candle as a Christmas present for his Mom. A neighbor, mesmerized by his fabulous creation, expressed her desire to purchase one of his candles; thus Yankee Candle Company was born. Mike used his parents basement, kitchen, and garage to produce his scented candles. Five years later, in 1974, Mike moved production into an old paper mill located in Holyoke, Massachusetts. In 1998 Forstmann Little Company partnered with Yankee Candle Company and began to publicly trade on the NYSE in 1999. Mike Kittredge sold his first candle to a neighbor for $1.36, in 1969 and in 2005 Yankee Candle Companys total sales were $601,180,000. Mikes humble beginning in the family home has grown into a wholesale customer network of 16,400 store locations, a growing base of Company owned and operated retail stores (390 located in 42 states),†¦ direct mail catalogs, its website,†¦ international distributors, and to a European wholesale network of approximately 2,200 store locations†¦ (2006) Yankees passion for fragrance has become a profitable entity with visions of continued global expansion. Yankee Candle Company has branded their product as long-lasting and strong in fragrance. Yankee has developed over 150 fragrances for their various candle products. Their product line includes jars, votive, tarts, wax potpourri, pillars, tapers, and tea lights candles. Yankees design is innovative and their scents are pleasant, relaxing, and rejuvenating. Yankee Candle Companys design department is visionary in developing candles to accent modern dà ©cor and fragrances that appeal to its customers. Yankee will explore and introduce aromas that are common to the Greek culture as they expand into this new market. Yankee Candle will emulate their passion for fragrance and provide a wide variety of choices for its new customers in Greece. The Yankee Candle Company continues to build on the passion and creativity of Mike Kittredge; driven by a mission to warm hearth and home with the fragrances of life through excellence, innovation, and passion. Yankee has been dedicated to excellence throughout their 37 year history. A company spokesperson attributes their success to, our vertically integrated  business model, which enables us to control most every aspect of our business, from product development to manufacturing to distribution to marketing and sales. This structure allows us to consistently provide high quality and innovative products†¦ (2006) Yankees innovation is evident in their candles and accessory designs, which acclimate too various dà ©cor preferences and the expanding variety of fragrances, which appeal to its customers. Yankee Candle Company is driven by an intense passion to spread the fragrances of life around the world for all to enjoy. The product expansion into the Greek marketplace is another step towards reaching their objectives. Yankee Candle Company will expand its fragrances to blend in with the cultures of new markets. Yankee will continue to develop partnerships with established Company owned retail stores as venues for their products to be sold. The candle company has already established Yankee Candle  ® Europe with a 30,000 square foot distribution center in Bristol, England that provides Yankee products for approximately 2,200 stores. This distribution center will be used to export Yankee products to be sold by retail stores in Greece. The Yankee Company has decided to expand their markets and head out to the Country of Greece. We will be exporting our candle line product from the United States to Greece. The product expansion into the Greek marketplace is another step towards reaching their objectives. Yankee Candle Company will expand its fragrances to blend in with the cultures of new markets. Yankee will continue to develop partnerships with established Company owned retail stores as venues for their products to be sold. As Yankee Candle expands into new regions of the world, distribution centers will be built to service their wholesale store network. Where trade barriers, economical and political policies will allow. When expanding into new countries, Yankee Candle will establish an online shopping website to market and sell their products. Since 1994, the United States is part of the NAFTA organization between three countries. The North American Free Trade Agreement, known usually as NAFTA, is a free trade agreement among Canada, the United States, and Mexico. NAFTA  went into effect on January 1, 1994. NAFTA is also used to refer to the tripartite trading bloc of North American countries. www.wikipedia.org. Since the inception of the Eurpeon Union in 1957 six countries were a part of this union. Nineteen further states have joined in and creasted a successful union. Greece joined the EU January, 1981. The exchange and repatriation of funds risks the Euros exchange rate against the dollar, remains unstable. The low interest rates, increased competition in the banking industry, and continued growth in commercial bank lending; to raise bad debt and strong growth in consumer borrowing. Economic growth is forecast to slow in 2006 and 2007. The consumer price inflation slowed dramatically in Greece before its entry into pre-economic and monetary union (EMU) in January 2001 and was helped by other temporary measures. The economy of the United States is stable made up of natural resource, labor and manufacturing, and investments. The United States has the largest and one of the most technologically advanced national economies in the world, with a GDP of 13.049 trillion dollars. www.wikipedia.org. Consumers and producers have some decision-making that form the economy, but the government also has a powerful role on the effects of the economy. The economy of Greece is growing fast after the implementation of stabilization policies in recent years. Greece remains a net importer of industrial and capital goods, foodstuffs, and petroleum. Leading exports are manufactured goods, food and beverages, petroleum products, cement, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. www.wikipedia.org. Greece is global leader in shipping, which is the transportation of goods and cargo by land, air, or sea. Types of currency used through out the world vary from country to country and or by region. The Unites States of America official currency is the dollar, symbol: USD also known to be abbreviated by $. The US currency was adopted in 1785 by the United States Congress. The United States dollar is also known as a world currency; in 1985 $300 billion dollars were in circulation,  with two thirds being out side of the Untied States. Each year the amount of U.S dollars is being circulated around the world continues to increase. In comparison to the Untied States of America, Greece uses the euro as denomination of currency type, symbol â‚ ¬. Greece is part of the European Union also knows as the EU. What I found most interesting is the European Monetary Union has ceded control of monetary policy to the European Central Bank. Versus the Untied States taking control over their own currency. The European Union has a large economy, probably slightly larger than that of the United States of America with a 2005 GDP of 12,865,602 million vs. 11,734,300 million (USD figures) (using nominal US Dollar GDP) according to the International Monetary Fund. www.wikipedia.org. Greeces relations with other countries in the region have been steadily improving. Greece is working with Turkey to resolve their disagreements, mainly with regard to Cyprus. Failure to resolve the division of the island of Cyprus may increase tensions between Greece and Turkey as the latter finds its bid to join the European Union partially dependent on success, but tensions rise sharply with Turkey over the issue of Cyprus. Greece is also assisting and improving relations with the economic development of the Balkans. The Balkans is now viewed by Greece as a greater threat to security than Turkey. Also, renewed instability in the Balkans leads to unrest in Greece and trade disruption. Political corruption is considered higher in Greece than many other European Union countries. Politicians are dependent on media with strong ties to business interests. There is a politicized, anti-globalization environmental movement in Greece which is increasingly complicated in its use of the courts and the European Union to block large projects. United States culture is very diverse but due to the level of the American culture there are many integrated but exclusive subculture within the U.S. The subcultures differentiated by status, ethnic background, residence, religion or other factors that functionally combine the group and act jointly on each subculture member. The ethnic groups are White, Black, Asian, Amerindian, Alaska native, native Hawaiian, and other Pacific  islander. The various religion are Protestant, Roman, Catholic, Mormon, Jewish, Muslim, Baptist, and others. Lastly, the languages are English, Spanish, Indo-European, Asian, Pacific island and others. Let us not forget that the government type is constitution-based federal republic but strong democratic tradition. As a result, the subcultures have their own joint set of customs, attitudes, and values. Greece is a diverse culture partial by its place at the crossroads between the East and the West and by the various occupations endured by the Greek people throughout history. The Greeks are proud of their culture which is the definition of their national and ethnic belonging. The Greeks culture is made of their traditions, religion, music, language, food and wines. Some of the traditions and superstitions vary from one island to another. Many countries differ within a range of dimensions including social structure, language, religion, and traditions to name a few. The difference has important implications on marketing strategy of the product. The most cultural difference that has an impact would be traditions. Candle scent preference may differ from one country to another. The company may encounter resistance to some of its different scents or wax. The organization must careful research Greece cultural norms and understanding the difference between US and Greece. Cross-Cultural training (literacy) would be needed to make sure the company advertising or marketing strategy does not offend anyone in the other country. The candles should be affordable due to the unemployment rate within Greece; however the organization must make a profit consider the cost to export the candles within that country. Yankee Candle is aware of the culture difference between the US and Greece, therefore staffing would be important to the organization. The organization would provide their US employees with language and cultural training. Yankee understands that one of their vendors Berlitz has experience and knowledge in cross cultural and language training that would help assist the expatriates. Berlitz offers a variety of programs and has been in the  business for 128 years, more than 450 centers in over 60 countries. Berlitz offers online, adult, children and teen programs for cultural and language training including one-on-one sessions. The cultural and language training would be for the family as well. The cultural training would be for two days and 100 hours for language training, however if more hours are needed for language the company would approve this cost. The employees that are going on the international assignment would have other benefits including when they are expatriating back in to the US. However, the expatriates will receive just a  ½ day of cultural training and language will not be necessary. The US dollar is not equal to the same amount in most other countries. Hence, the company would pay an additional allowance to cover the difference. The cost of living may be higher in the other countries, as a result a housing allowance is provided to the employee. The company does consider the cost living in the US and then compare that cost to living in Greece. The education in Greece is not the same for US citizens. As a result, to the language barrier and cultural it may be very difficult for the employees children to attend the local school in the host country for that reason private schools or boarding school may be required. Consequently the company is aware of this and therefore would provide tuition allowance. Due to the cultural and language difference there are going to be diversity issues, so human resource has provided an open door policy. The open door policy would allow employees to express him or she concerns and human resource will try to provide a solution to the problem, if possible. Supply chain management is an important role for the success of Yankee Candle Company to sell scented candles in Greece. Supply chain is most effective for optimal resource use, minimum total cost, and maximum value to the customer. Decisions with in supply chain are to buy your product or make your own. Yankee Candle Company already produces its own scented candles and will be the same for candles being shipped overseas. The production will be manufactured in the Companys 294,000 square foot facility in Whately, Massachusetts. As a manufacturer, the Company is able to closely monitor product quality and control production costs, which ensures high quality  products and maintains affordable pricing. Information has been gathered from the Greece from the candle business industry. This data will assist in forecasting how much product is needed for a three months supply to meet the supply and demand in Greece. Lead time for the initiation of Yankee Candle Company to enter the Greece market is 10 months. In turn this will give enough time to meet the three month stock supply. The information gathered from the Greece candle market will support the types of scented candles that will be produced to ship overseas. Lead time for the shipment to arrive at the distribution warehouse is three months; the life span of a candle is three years. Placing our product will be near or around the largest cities and ports in Greece. The largest and most important city in Greece is Athens, the capital with population based in 1991 of 748,110. The largest port in Greece is Thessalonà ­ki, with a population of 377,951. Also another large port is located on the North part of the Peloponnesus, is a major seaport, with 155,180 inhabitants. Other sizable cities include Là ¡risa (113,426), Irà ¡klion (117,167), and Và ³los (76,463). The ports and its population are important factors in knowing were to place the Yankee Candle Stores. These would be in areas in the region that have the most population and are easily accessible to Tourist from vacation boats that may doc on these ports. Promoting Yankee Candle Company in Greece would be similar as it is currently in the Untied States. Through its retail stores the Yankee Candle company would open in Greece, direct mail catalogs. To include a large market Yankee candle will also promote is U.S product through television commercials newspapers, bill board singes through out the larger cities of Greece, and through its own web page http://www.yankeecandle.com/cgi-bin/ycbvp/retail.jsp. Promotion for this product will be introduced to all who wants to have special fragrances in their homes. Business will also be targeted to have fresh new fragrances for their offices. Candles are an excellent gift for all ages and for any special occasion. The middle class in Greece is the main target market Yankee Candle Company is promoting the scented U.S candle product. In 2005  the labor force in Greece was at 4.72 million compared to unemployment rate of 10.8% figures from www.cia.gov. These figures give Yankee Candle Company the green light to proceed with international distribution into the Greece market. Pricing the candles will be 30% above the sale price of a U.S product. This will ensure the costs of having a U.S product of seas. Yankee Candles has successfully developed and market new products and earn enormous returns. We have success springs for the fact that it has a vertically integrated business model, with the in-house expertise required to design, develop, manufacture, distribute and sell our candle products. Our vertically integrated business model acts as a powerful platform to support our product innovation initiatives. This business model included strong research and development activities, an experienced employee team, and a basis skill in test marketing our products. We collected these resources to research consumer interests and home decor buying trends, and then to create original candle designs, fragrances, accessories, gift sets, home fragrance merchandise, and personal care items that align with our findings. We then release this merchandise into our distribution channels in a way that permits us to seek and track consumer feedback. This process positions us to fine-tune our new products from performance, to packaging, to labeling, to pricing helping to maximize the potential for each item we develop to have a successful launch and widespread acceptance. Together, these efforts helped to drive sales, attract new customers and extend the appeal of the Yankee Candle brand. Once exporting was chosen as the mode of entry, Yankee Candle secured assistance from a company called, Export Trade of America; to learn about insurance, tariff, and tax laws involved in trading with Greece. Yankee Candle Company will face various legal challenges when exporting its candles into Greece, but the process will go much easier with the help of an export management company. Yankee will need to comply with employee laws and have knowledge about hiring, firing, and discipline regulations in Greece. They will need to be acquainted with their legal system and how those laws are enforced. Greece is a parliamentary republic with a president, who is heads the executive administration, a prime minister, who is head of the  government, and a 300 seat legislature. The judicial includes a Supreme Court, regional districts, and prefectures to decide civil and criminal cases. There is a national police force as well as policing agencies from the European Union. As a member of the European Union, the EU laws supersede those of the individual member nations. Yankee Candle Company will need to be aware of the EU laws, enforcement, penalties, and necessary trade practices. The European Union could cause legal complications as the union adds new members, arbitrates disagreements among its memberships, and as competition increases in the global marketplace. There has been a longstanding relationship between Greece and the United States of America. The two countries have diplomatic, intelligence, and law enforcement ties. Greece and the United States, recently signed treaties covering extradition and mutual legal assistance, which further strengthened this cooperation. (2006) Trade between these two nations should proceed with success barring increased terrorism, war, or a terrific natural disaster that impacts the global economy. It is important for any company to evaluate their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. As Yankee Candle employees examines their organization they listed the following as company strengths; strong business model, long-lasting candles, well-branded product, variety of fragrances, adaptability of product to various cultures and dà ©cor, strong financial backing, increasing profitability, expanding marketplace, efficient manufacturing and distribution process, and an innovative product development. Yankee Candle Companys weaknesses include; rising cost for manufacturing and distributions, technological skills, single manufacturing center, adapting products to various cultures and customs, and material shortages. There are several opportunities that must be pursued to maintain profitability; increase presence in the global marketplace, expanded online shopping options, adapt fragrance choices to new markets, build foreign manufacturing and distribution center, and add accessories to their product line. There are many threats to the existence of Yankee Candle Company  including; competitions pricing and product differentiation, terrorism, natural disasters, exchange rate, rising costs for manufacturing and distribution, and the products life-cycle. The external environment strengths include; reduction in trade barriers, strong European Union, technological advancements, and utilization of websites. The external weaknesses are; trade blocs, closed economic and political policies that prevent or limit imports/exports, and the affects of terrorism. External opportunities include; improving the economic levels of third world countries, utilizing the skills, resources, and expertise of various countries to lower costs and create an integrated economy, develop innovative products, and create a global network. Finally, the external threats include; terrorism, political instability, natural disasters, increased global competition, trade blocs that become fortresses against those outside their union, countries imposing regulations against outsiders who want to merger or acquire other foreign companies, conflict among existing trade bloc members, and inflation/deflation of the monitory systems. Reference: (2006, 4,12). The Yankee Candle Company, Inc. 2006 First Quarter Earnings Webcast. Retrieved 4/23/06, from SBC Yahoo Finance Web site: http://biz,yahoo.com/bw/060412/20060412005002.html?.v=1www.wikipedia.org., retreived April 24, 2006. http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/gr.html#EconRetrieved 5/13/06 from the World FactbookUnknown, Retrieve on April 23, 2006 fromhttp://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/print/gr.htmlUnknown, Retrieve on April 23, 2006 fromhttp://www.greeka.com/greece-culture.htm

Choosing between Family and Individuality in Kate Chopins The Awakenin

Choosing between Family and Individuality in Kate Chopin's The Awakening      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kate Chopin's The Awakening focuses on a woman's struggle to become an individual while still being a mother and wife. In the process of this journey, the female heroine discovers that establishing her own identity means losing a mother's identity. Edna looks to be the "brave soul," a "soul that dares and defies" (Chopin 61). Edna's society looked down upon females who seek anything other than attending to their children and husband's needs. Therefore, she is seen as an outcast and must turn inward as well as outward towards nature for satisfaction and approval.   Ã‚  Ã‚   At the beginning of The Awakening, Mr. Pontellier poses the question, "If it was not a mother's place to look after children, whose on earth was it?" (Chopin 7). He reflects the general belief of his time that women should be mothers who give up themselves for the more important needs of their children. He believes that women should be self-sacrificing beings who never take and always give. He thinks, just as other men believed during this time period, that she should be the "angel of the house," catering to his every need. Mr. Pontellier wants her to be one of the "ministering angels" (Chopin 9) who "idolized their children" (Chopin 9) and "worshipped their husbands" (Chopin 9). Mrs. Pontellier shows little interest in taking care of her husband and children, hinting that she seeks more than a life lived for others. She begins to "recognize her relations as an individual to the world within and about her" (Chopin 14) which inevitably becomes a curse in disguise. It crea tes a complicated inner conflict. Mrs. Pontellier ponders whether she should be defined as a mother and ... ...nature for acceptance and to her soothing childhood memories for forgotten innocence.    Works Cited and Consulted Chopin, Kate. "The Awakening." 1899. The Complete Works of Kate Chopin. Ed. Per Seyersted. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State UP, 1989. Culley, Margo, ed. A Norton Critical Edition:   Kate Chopin:   The Awakening.   New York:   W.W. Norton, 1994.  Ã‚   Edwards, Lee.   "Sexuality, Maternity, and Selfhood."   A Norton Critical Edition:   Kate Chopin:   The Awakening.   Ed. Margo Culley.   New York:   W.W. Norton, 1994.   282-285.   Walker, Nancy.   "Feminist or Naturalist."   A Norton Critical Edition:   Kate Chopin:   The   Awakening.   Ed. Margo Culley.   New York:   W.W. Norton, 1994.   252-257. Wolff, Cynthia.   "Thanatos and Eros."   A Norton Critical Edition:   Kate Chopin:   The   Awakening.   Ed. Margo Culley.   New York:   W.W. Norton, 1994.   231-241.

Essay on Horatio Essay

Often overlooked in the critical analysis of the play, Horatio is a character whose actions are of no major importance, yet in the context of the play’s meaning, his role is crucial. Like the Ghost, Horatio helps Shakespeare to refine the concept of the virtuous man. This is shown through Horatio’s ideals, his relationship with Hamlet, their differences and similarities. We assume that his studies in Wittenberg make develop his rational thinking and thus he would naturally reject the possibility of a ghost – however he is the one to tell Hamlet about his father’s apparition. Even after witnessing the Ghost, Horatio remains a rationalist. His mind is sober, and he encourages Hamlet to preserve self-control – a key virtue of the Stoics. Yet when Hamlet dies (possibly in Horatio’s arms, depending on stage directions) the roles reverse – Horatio, charged by Hamlet’s passion, almost dies with the prince. For the audience, Horatio becomes a separate and important entity as Hamlet delivers the speech about his character that defines Hamlet’s own ideals. Shakespeare gives Hamlet the chance to voice the faculties he admires, thus giving us another chance to understand the greater aspirations and aims of the protagonist. He says: ‘Horatio, thou art e’en as just a man As e’er my conversation coped withal. Nay do not think I flatter,†¦ †¦ Since my dear soul was mistress of her choice, And could of men distinguish, her election Hath sealed thee to herself; for thou hast been As one, in suff’ring all, that suffers nothing; A man that Fortune’s buffets and rewards Hath ta’en with equal thanks; and blest are those Whose blood and judgment are so well co-mingled That they are not a pipe in Fortune’s finger To sound what stop she please. Give me that man. That is not passion’s slave, and I will wear him In my heart’s core, ay in my heart of heart, As I do thee. ‘ (3. 253-73) Horatio is not passion’s slave – if passions, like Fortune, is personified, then it becomes a sort of ancient deity that chooses to blind humans and deny them all rational choice. To a certain extent, all other characters in the tragedy are to varying degree subject to their passions. Horatio by contrast is calm and stable; he is skeptical and rational, as can be seen from his encounter with the Ghost. If passion is a disease-like quality that Hamlet believes to be defectious, then Horatio exemplifies a pure and honourable person – honest by definition, since he does not allow passions to fool his conscience and justify any selfish means or aims. However the most important aspect highlighted by the Prince is Horatio’s philosophical understanding of life. The speech suggests Horatio is a follower of Stoicism, an ancient way of thinking developed once by the ancients and then revived by the great thinkers of the Renaissance. Founded by Xenon, (334-262b. c. ) the philosophy taught to discipline one’s behaviour according to one’s rational mind. Hamlet states that his ideal is such. However the prince himself is not ‘free’ or deprived of passions. The qualities he admires in Horatio are starkly different to the ones he himself displays in his very first monologue. He speaks of evil as ‘self-slaughter’ and cannot come to terms with things ‘rank and grosse in nature’ (1. 2) Hamlet is a man of many different moods and tempers; in this one speech he begins disgusted, grows more passionate in his hatred and it is not until the last two line of that speech when Hamlet says ‘I must hold my tongue’ and regains control of his emotions. It is clear the protagonist cannot remain unaffected when he sees evil’s manifestation in any form; his whole being actively protests and rejects amoral and dishonourable actions. Because of this, Hamlet’s ideal human nature that Shakespeare personifies through Horatio’s character remains, until the time comes at the end of the play, unlike Hamlet’s own. Preparing to fight Laertes, says to Horatio who is desperately trying to prevent the Prince from fencing, convinced he will lose: ‘There is special providence in the fall of a sparrow’ (5.2). This whole speech signifies the way Hamlet matures from admiring into exhibiting Stoic ideals, yet applying them in a more universal way than Horatio. Through hardship and experience Hamlet accepts Fate, but refuses to step aside and give up fighting for his cause. He takes Horatio’s logic and focus, acknowledges all the basis of the teachings of Stoicism, yet unites this with his burning desire to fight evil and restore justice. Horatio’s attempts to save Hamlet from death are doomed, because the protagonist believes the question about his own life has been decided, and thus no longer bothers him. A true Stoic does not fear death. Hamlet’s mysterious last words, uttered to Horatio, echo this: ‘†¦ the rest is silence’ (5. 2. 351) Furthermore, if at the beginning of the play Hamlet and Horatio lack the virtues of each other (Hamlet, unlike his friend, cannot distance himself from anxieties, whereas Horatio comes across as almost emotionally withdrawn), by the end different dimensions of both characters are revealed to us. Horatio, although still wise and composed, truly loves Hamlet. Realising the imminence of the Prince’s death, Horatio grabs the cup with the remaining poison, ready to follow his friend in death. Hamlet stops him and, on his deathbed, urges Horatio to remember the philosophy they both adored, and live by it: ‘If thou didst ever hold me in thy heart, Absent thee from felicity awhile, And in this harsh world draw thy breath in pain To tell my story. ‘ It is important that Hamlet hands over his secret to Horatio, trusting him to clear his name and justify his actions to posterity. Horatio obeys and we trust him to communicate the truth, restoring Hamlet’s innocence. Horatio’s character helps us to understand Hamlet better, to realise how the protagonist matures, and witness the best in him even as he lay dying. Shakespeare’s inclusion of Horatio and his relationship with Hamlet stresses the importance of nobility, dignity, felicity and other moral principles and virtues valued by the Ancient. And lastly, Horatio rules out a conclusive judgment concerning Hamlet’s death and his suffering, and tells of them as ‘carnal, bloody and unnatural acts’ ensuring the audience perceived those strong feelings too.

Case Study Darling Chocolate

22. 11. 12 Case Study Darling Chocolate (Group 7) 1. The population is very huge in St. Petersburg and therefore there is high sales potential. The population has experienced improvements in living conditions and material well-being; however the standard of living was not that high and incomes are still very low. The annual average growth of income was 23% and average annual inflation rate was only 12%. The average spending on food is about 56% of family budget. Only 2% of monthly expenditures for food are spent on chocolate and candy.Due to several reasons the attitude of Russian consumers is more or less negative towards imported (foreign) products. They perceive that domestic products are at least as good as foreign products. So, in general they prefer domestic products. Hence, it is not very easy to create brand awareness, because Russian consumers are very skeptical and don not trust advertising blindly. Chocolate is mass consumption product. Hence, all people are potential buye rs. Russian consumers were desiring and increasingly demanding more variety in all kinds.The market can be divided into two categories, box chocolates which are seen as more luxury products and are often used for gifts; and chocolate bars which are used for personal (more spontaneous) consumption. The market experiences seasonal ups and downs; for example Christmas and New Year Holiday season and Women’s Day are very important times for selling chocolate. The intensity of consumption is around 4 kilograms per person per year. Consumers can be divided into heavy, medium and light user. There are many companies, foreign and domestic, are competing on the market.Foreign companies had been very successful due to low prices and aggressive advertising, but in recent years most consumers prefer domestic brands. The top three Russian companies in this business are Krupskaya, Azart and Red October. One of the most important characteristics entering the market in St. Petersburg is the price because it for customers it is the main decision criteria for purchasing or not. The second one is the specific target group due to the fact that different groups prefer different tastes, ingredients and quality.Additionally, the competitors are very important to take into consideration. In order to achieve brand awareness and to get acceptance from the Russian customers as a foreign brand the advertising expenditures are very high. 2. It seems to be very difficult to succeed as a foreign company in the Russian market, because customers are quite price sensitive and focused on domestic brands. Therefore, we recommend entering the market with chocolate bars first in order to create higher brand awareness due to higher sales in volume.With those products the company has lower costs for production, experiences economies of scale and can offer lower selling prices. Additionally, the heavy users which spent the most amount of money on chocolate are targeted with this strategy. Besi des, customers rely on opinions of others word-of-mouth advertising could be a benefit. Finally, an aggressive and huge advertising campaign is useful. After having brand awareness, the introduction of higher priced (luxury) chocolate could be easier. However, a good quality is necessary. . The most appropriate customer is the Heavy User, because those people are buying chocolate continuously and spontaneously. More or less, the younger and mid-aged target group should be the aim, because older people rely on their experience and are very loyal to domestic products. Advertising depends on the available budget for this project. In general we would recommend a very aggressive advertising campaign using nearly every media that is available. One reason is that there is a high level of competition.Very important in this case is advertising on Metro-trains and busses as well as at Metro and bus stations. At those points a lot of people spent much time and recognize the ads repetitive. Mor eover, our aimed target group is usually using these opportunities of transport and people are often commuters. This kind of â€Å"travelling† enlarges repetition effects and reinforces brand awareness at no additional costs. Additionally, advertising on TV and Radio has to be done as well because those are very important media in Russia to reach the target and therefore to create brand awareness.However, TV is preferred over Radio (although it is more expensive) because you can sell your message easier by pictures. Adverts in newspapers are also important because 70% of households read a daily newspaper. It is also a good medium to offer coupons and give away. But in order to reach younger people and advertise colorful (brand awareness) magazine has to be used for advertising as well. 4. The most important thing could be to convince the people that a foreign company is able to fit the needs of the customers in Russia. Therefore, it is very important to sell products with hig h quality at an affordable price.In order to get a higher market in whole Russia the company has to spread to Moscow and other important cities. Additionally, the product portfolio has to be enlarged to reach more people. At first, the introduction of higher priced products (box chocolates) is necessary in St. Petersburg. Depending on the time this introduction could be most successful when there is Christmas Holiday or Mother’s Day when people are seeking for special gifts. Probably the company can think about a production plant in Russia, employing domestic people, lowering transportation costs etc. getting a more positive image.

Death Penalty Right or Wrong essays

Death Penalty Right or Wrong essays The issue of death penalty is one which has been long debated in the United States. Various anti-death penalty arguments have been brought forward proclaiming death penalty as wrong and brutal. The anti death-penalty movement claims that there is a very high risk of execution of the innocent. They apparently seem to ignore that in the process of saving very few exceptions, they are propagating to let all murderers get away with their crime. Moreover, the opponents of death penalty also claim that if the end result of murder and execution both is the death of an individual, then both are equally wrong and brutal. What they, in other words, are saying that murder and execution are one and the same thing since the end result of both is the same. Seemingly pathetic argument since no one can say that a man making love to a woman is equal to a man having sex with a woman against her wishes. Is it possible to equate Death penalty is something which is required for the safety of the nation. By executing murderers, what one is doing is ensuring that these people are incapable of murdering again and taking more innocent lives. So in effect, death penalty is saving the lives of those who might be at risk. Moreover, the death penalty also acts as a fear factor for potential murderers who do not murder because of their fear of execution. Once again, this results in saving the lives of those who could have been potential "If we execute murderers and there is in fact no deterrent effect, we have killed a bunch of murderers. If we fail to execute murderers, and doing so would in fact have deterred other murders, we have allowed the killing of a bunch of innocent victims. I would much rather risk the former. This, to me, is not a tough call." John McAdams - Marquette ...

How to Get Your PSAT Score Report

How to Get Your PSAT Score Report SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips How do you get your PSAT score report? Can you view it online? The PSAT score report works a bit differently than your typical SAT or ACT report. We will walk through how to get your report and what to do once you have it. When Do PSAT Scores Come Out? How Will I Get My Report? PSAT results from 2018 will be available online in December of 2019. You'll be able to see your scores online through your College Board account. (If you haven't made one already, you can register for a College Board account here. You'll use this account to sign up for the SAT and SAT Subject Tests, and you'll receive your AP Scores here too.) If you don't have a College Board account or have trouble accessing your scores, your guidance counselor can give you an access code for your online PSAT score report. Also, you should receive an old-fashioned paper score report at school by the end of January. What's on the PSAT Score Report? Your score report includes your overall composite score, as well as your score on each section (Reading, Writing and Language, and Math). The score reports have an extremely detailed breakdown of your strengths and weaknesses. There are also percentile rankings to see where you stand compared to students nationwide, both overall and for specific skills. You're also provided witha personalized SAT Study Plan based on questions you answered incorrectly or omitted on the PSAT. You can review those questions and then access other SAT practice questions to help you prepare for the SAT. There is also a personality profiler to help match you up with college majors and careers, and a feature that matches you with colleges you may be interested in, based on your potential SAT scores and your desired college location and size. The main benefit of the more detailed analysis of your results is access topersonalized SAT study on the Khan Academy website. This includes targeted practice based on your weaker areas. Finally, there's a feature that predicts AP courses you may do well in based on your results. This might be handy, but we recommend mainly using the PSAT report to get ready for the SAT. If your report encourages you to sign up for an AP class you were already considering, go for it! But you should base your AP course load on other factors, including colleges you want to get into and your own personal interests and strengths. What’s the Best Way to Use the Report? We have a more detailed post on how to interpret and use your PSAT scores, but these are the basic principles of getting the most out of your PSAT score report. P is for Practice PSAT stands for Practice SAT, and that’s really how you should consider your scores. The PSAT was just your first attempt at the SAT. Don't assume your scores are a perfect prediction of your future SAT scores. They're not. However, they can give you insight into your strengths and weaknesses, which is very helpful as you begin to study for the real SAT. Also, you should mainly use your PSAT results to help you study for the SAT. The AP prediction feature College Board is adding is cool, but don’t let that rule how you create your schedule. AP tests are very different than general achievement tests like the SAT, so you should think about them separately. Bottom line? Use your PSAT results to help you prepare for the SAT (or your junior year PSAT, if you’re going for National Merit). Don't Stress Over a Low Score Don’t be stressed if you think your score is low – colleges will not see your PSAT scores. They will see your SAT score (if you take it instead of the ACT, that is), so focus on using the PSAT score report as a study guide for the SAT. Don't waste time moping over a low score. Since taking the PSAT already gives you lots of data on your strengths and weaknesses when it comes to the test, it will be easier to jump into SAT studying. If you have work to do in all areas, you could start by getting a quality, all-around prep book or checking out SAT study websites. If you really struggled in one subject, for example math, it’s not too early to seek out specific resources like prep books for math. Also, if you took the PSAT as a sophomore and you’re hoping to qualify for National Merit junior year, you can use SAT study materials to prepare for the PSAT. The stresswill fade eventually. Don't Let a Great Score Go To Your Head If you happened to get an excellent score on the PSAT, don’t assume you don’t have to study for the SAT – the SAT is more difficult than the PSAT. It’s longer, contains harder questions, and, if you choose to take the SAT with Writing, contains an additional essay. A high PSAT score is encouraging, but a high score on a real SAT practice test would be even better. Be prepared to put in some time studying for the SAT to get a score as high as your predicted PSAT score. What’s Next? Read more about the PSAT scores you need to qualify for National Merit, and how to get the scholarship. Wondering what content differences there are between the PSAT and SAT? Learn more about how the two tests compare to one another here. What would it take to get a perfect SAT score? Read a guide by our resident perfect scorer to find out. Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Halle Edwards About the Author Halle Edwards graduated from Stanford University with honors. In high school, she earned 99th percentile ACT scores as well as 99th percentile scores on SAT subject tests. She also took nine AP classes, earning a perfect score of 5 on seven AP tests. As a graduate of a large public high school who tackled the college admission process largely on her own, she is passionate about helping high school students from different backgrounds get the knowledge they need to be successful in the college admissions process. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. No spam ever. hbspt.forms.create({ portalId: '360031', formId: '2167ba30-e68e-4777-b88d-8bf3c84579af', formInstanceId: '2', submitButtonClass: 'btn-red-light btn', target: '#hubspot-container2', redirectUrl: 'http://ww2.prepscholar.com/blog-subscribe-thank-you', css: '.post-bottom .hs-form.stacked label {display:none;} .post-bottom .hs-form.stacked .field div.input {padding-top: 55px; padding-left: 300px;} .post-bottom .hs-input {width: 220px} .post-bottom .btn-primary, .hs-button.primary {margin-top:0px; padding-left:350px} .post-bottom .hs-form-field {margin-bottom:5px}' }); $(function(){ $(".exclusive-tip-form #hubspot-container2 label").hide(); }); function replace_tag(a, b){ $(a).each(function(index) { var thisTD = this; var newElement = $(""); $.each(this.attributes, function(index) { $(newElement).attr(thisTD.attributes[index].name, thisTD.attributes[index].value); }); $(this).after(newElement).remove(); }); } $(function(){ replace_tag($(".posts-by-topic h3"), "h2"); }) Ask a Question BelowHave any questions about this article or other topics? Ask below and we'll reply! Search the Blog Search jQuery(function(){ var $ = jQuery; var url = 'http://google.com/search?q=site:' + location.protocol + '//' + location.hostname + ' '; var $searchModule = $('.hs-search-module.f31f63b0-8b76-4d72-80ca-e68634aac315'); var $input = $searchModule.find('input'); var $button = $searchModule.find('.hs-button.primary'); if (false) { $input.val(decodeURIComponent(location.pathname.split('/').join(' ').split('.').join(' ').split('-').join(' ').split('_').join(''))); } $button.click(function(){ var newUrl = url + $input.val(); var win = window.open(newUrl, '_blank'); if (win) { //Browser has allowed it to be opened win.focus(); } else { //Browser has blocked it location.href = newUrl; } }); $input.keypress(function(e){ if (e.keyCode !== 13) return; e.preventDefault(); $button.click(); }); }); Improve With Our Famous Guides SATPrep ACTPrep For All Students The 5 Strategies You Must Be Using to Improve 160+ SAT Points How to Get a Perfect 1600, by a Perfect Scorer Series: How to Get 800 on Each SAT Section: Score 800 on SAT Math Score 800 on SAT Reading Score 800 on SAT Writing Series: How to Get to 600 on Each SAT Section: Score 600 on SAT Math Score 600 on SAT Reading Score 600 on SAT Writing Free Complete Official SAT Practice Tests What SAT Target Score Should You Be Aiming For? 15 Strategies to Improve Your SAT Essay The 5 Strategies You Must Be Using to Improve 4+ ACT Points How to Get a Perfect 36 ACT, by a Perfect Scorer Series: How to Get 36 on Each ACT Section: 36 on ACT English 36 on ACT Math 36 on ACT Reading 36 on ACT Science Series: How to Get to 24 on Each ACT Section: 24 on ACT English 24 on ACT Math 24 on ACT Reading 24 on ACT Science What ACT target score should you be aiming for? ACT Vocabulary You Must Know ACT Writing: 15 Tips to Raise Your Essay Score How to Get Into Harvard and the Ivy League How to Get a Perfect 4.0 GPA How to Write an Amazing College Essay What Exactly Are Colleges Looking For? Is the ACT easier than the SAT? A Comprehensive Guide Should you retake your SAT or ACT? When should you take the SAT or ACT? Michael improved by 370 POINTS! Find Out How Stay Informed Get the latest articles and test prep tips! Looking for Graduate School Test Prep? Check out our top-rated graduate blogs here: GRE Online Prep Blog GMAT Online Prep Blog TOEFL Online Prep Blog

OUT OF THE LOOP IN SILICON VALLEY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

OUT OF THE LOOP IN SILICON VALLEY - Essay Example So many start-up tech companies are set up in the region annually, but nearly all of them are led by men. Those exceptional ones that are founded by women face difficulties in getting funding for projects. So, despite being progressive in many respects, there is yet no complete acceptance of women in top managerial roles. Another issue raised by the article is the stereotyping of women’s possible career paths right from high-school. It is partly true that many girls do not have a natural inclination toward subjects such as math and science. But even those who show interests in these subjects are either discouraged, denied opportunity or under-funded in fulfilling their aspirations. A third key issue raised by Ms. Claire Miller is the practical difficulties faced by women entrepreneurs, especially young women who wanted to raise families. Such issues discussed in Out of the Loop are highly relevant to contemporary American society and are analyzed in detail by Jessica Valenti i n her popular recent book Full Frontal Feminism. In an attempt to bring awareness about Feminism to the younger generation of women, Valenti uses easy language and accessible real-life examples to illustrate her points.

Leadership and Employee Morale Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leadership and Employee Morale - Essay Example While it may not help the company in the long term, the short-term benefit will be that the company will experience growth. Once the company starts to pick up, the company needs to come up with values that mean something to the corporate culture of the company. This could best be done by including employees’ thoughts in this process. If employees are the force behind the company’s values, then they are more likely to adhere to them. Once the values of the Leadership today have been formed, the leadership can then start planning where the company wants to go in the long term. This can be done by the company looking back at its past and planning for the future by getting thoughts from the outside (Kouzes and Posner 15). The relationship between the leadership and the employees will be central to the implementation of these plans. Because the workers are the driving force of the company, they should be able to dictate where they want to take it. The best type of working re lationship is one where there is a 50/50 split—the leadership works in conjunction with the employees to work out what is best for the company in the long term. Trust will be essential to this kind of relationship, because â€Å"trust is the social glue that holds individuals and groups together† (Kouzes and Posner 15). The best types of leaders know that to gain the trust of their employees, they first have to give trust. Part of this could be by giving mid-level managers more freedom when dealing with their clients. This kind of trust is reciprocal because employees will feel empowered in their work efforts. The management of Leadership Today needs to be innovative because the company has been losing shares to its competitors. The solution to this problem will be to come up with new ways to capture the target market. Great leaders are able to create whole new markets by providing services that have

Effects Trade in the World Economy Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Effects Trade in the World Economy - Term Paper Example Free trade enables more goods and services to reach American consumers at lower prices, thereby substantially increasing their standard of living. Moreover, the benefits of free trade extend well beyond American households. Free trade helps to spread the value of freedom, reinforce the rule of law, and foster economic development in poor countries. The national debate over trade-related issues too often ignores these important benefits.†                If this is the case, why is it that there are those who oppose this kind of trade agreement. Analyzing the fact from the given statement would bring to us in a hypothesis that free trade could help stabilize the economy. However, what is in within the provisions of free trade that majority tends to disagree with its provision? And why do these people claim that the said trading activity would only jeopardize and put the economy of a certain country in a malady? These are the questions which revolve and come out into the picture whenever free trade becomes an issue.                Basically, if we are to analyze, these people would not be able to have these sentiments if they have not seen any irregularities with regards to the provisions of free trade. In contrary to the claim that the free trade agreement has made the economies in the world soaring high, Haslam (2002) pointed out the differences and negative implications of this kind of practice. â€Å"Free trade" policies simply allow corporations to freely access cheaper labor markets. Manufacturing facilities are moved to poorer nations - which have minuscule wages, often terrible working conditions and far fewer environmental regulations. Often these conditions result from direct interference by the US government, international financial institutions (such as the World Bank and International Monetary Fund) and/or the multinational corporations themselves. The idea that President Bush will be able to solely negotiate international free trade agreements - is downright terrifying. What the editorial calls "interference from Congress" is basically the way our country's Constitution is meant to work.

Literature Review: Play Work in Education

Literature Review: Play Work in Education Weisberg, D. S., Kittredge, A. K., Hirsh-Pasek, K., Golinkoff, R. M., Klahr, D. (2015). Making play work for education. Phi Delta Kappan, 96(8), 8-13. doi:10.1177/0031721715583955 The article encapsulates that in comparison to other forms of play, guided play is the most effective in enhancing the learning skills of children from a range of ages. Guided play incorporates play into education without compromising learning goals or suppressing childrens exploration, as its blend of child-directed play within an adult-initiated environment enables them to become in control of their own learning. This allows them to develop autonomy by forming their own decisions in regards to their upcoming actions and gaining skills to attain information. The balance between freedom and structure in guided-play is more effective than direct teaching or free play, as adults harness a childs appeal to play in the service of learning through scaffolding their actions. This in turn promotes the acceleration of long-term development and encourages better learning outcomes. Weisberg et al have utilised evidence to strengthen their claims and formulate a convincing argument to readers. The citations displayedenable readers to access the resources cited to confirm if the evidence is accurate and to investigate and delve deeper into the topic. This provides the opportunity for readers to gain a deeper understanding of the authors claim, which makes their argument more convincing. The multiple citations also suggest that the authors engaged in an in-depth research, depicting that they share a thorough understanding of play, creating a convincing argument. The citations further suggest that other academic scholars share the same perspective about guided-play as Weisberg et al, making the article more potent. Additionally, multiple examples of studies strengthen the claim of the authors as they provide evidence of how ideas translate into practice. For example, one of the studies provided portrayed that children engaging in guided-play outperformed those who engaged in free-play, whilst learning vocabulary (Dickinson et al., 2013), thus validating the argument of the authors. Moreover, the use of direct quotations emphasise the point of the authors in a concise manner whilst providing strong supporting evidence, making a stronger claim. Majority of the arguments presented are highly convincing as the findings used to support them do not have alternative explanations. However, few cases within the article can be interpreted in another manner, weakening the authors claim. For example Weisberg (2015) claims that the relationship between learning and play is intrinsically linked through guided play. Although factual, this finding could also support a different argument such as the link between learning and free-play, as all play acts as a catalyst of learning. A comparison of the article to alternative readings enables the audience to articulate the strength of the claims made by Weisberg et al. Both Barblett (2010) and Weisberg et al (2015) propose the significance of adults preparing different environments in which child-initiated play can take place. Barblett (2010) explores how creating an intellectual environment prompts children to question activities they are partaking in, which extends their knowledge. This relates to Weisbergs notion of scaffolding, which like an intellectual environment, enables children to assimilate information at their own pace. Weisberg also suggests the importance of preparing a physical environment as it assists children in self-directed exploration and learning. Likewise, Barblett conveys that physical environments provoke and encourage children to engage in exploration and learning during play. Additionally, Brock (2013) exhibits the importance of adults creating rich learning environments as they enable children to fulfil their learning potential. Weisberg and others (2015) explore the significance of children becoming the driving force of their upcoming actions as well as what they desire to explore and how. This is similar to Goldschmeid (1987) theory of heuristic play as it involves self-exploration, which like Weisbergs concept, enables children to become in control of their upcoming actions and decide how they want to utilise the object. Furthermore, Weisberg et al (2015) suggest that elements of guided-play accompanied by direct teaching was the most productive strategy for children to learn. Including direct-teaching in guided-play diminishes the sense of child-directed play, thus becoming unenjoyable. This is supported by (Fisher, 2002) who claims that when adults continually drive learning experiences, golden opportunities for learning are missed. Moreover, Weisbergs perspective differs to Follaris (2013) concept of project work as children are in control of their learning process as they investigate areas of their own choosing. As a result, children are able to formulate concepts and engage in creative thinking which is essential for learning. Like Follari, Touhill (2012) presents the importance of project work as it enables children to exercise their growing sense of agency and autonomy and promote inquiry, curiosity and exploration.